Shoaib Malik, Sania Mirza and Ayesha , The story of Confused Marriage and Ego - The complete case study –

Shoaib Malik, Sania Mirza and Ayesha , The story of Confused Marriage and Ego - The complete case study –
Reality views by sm -
Shoaib Malik - is a Pakistani citizen and a Pakistani Cricket Player
Age - 28

Sania Mirza is an Indian citizen and Tennis Player from Hyderabad
Age – 24

Ayesha Siddiqui – A girl from Hyderabad
Age – 29


What is the story of Ayesha Siddiqui –?

Ayesha, who claims to be Shoaib Maliks first wife,
Ayesha Siddiqui, 29, claimed that she had been married to Shoaib since June 3, 2002. Shoaib accepts that Nikah, oath of marriage, took place on phone.
She alleges that their telephone and internet courtship culminated in the Nikah that was conducted over the phone by an Islamic cleric.
She says she has the document to prove it.
The marriage was performed by Hafez Mohammed Khaled for a haq maher of Rs500 and the document was attested by Sialkot residents Mukhtar Ali Khan and Syed Abrar Hussain. While Malik has signed the nikahnama, the bride’s signature reads ‘Maha Siddiqui’.
Further, although it has been issued in Sialkoat, hometown of Shoaib in Pakistani Punjab

Ayesha Filed a police complaint after it was announced that Malik planned to marry Indian tennis star Sania Mirza on April 15.

Police has registered the First information Report under sections
• 498 A (harassment),
• 420 (cheating)
• 506 (criminal intimidation) of the Indian Penal Code.

Police has seized the passport of Malik and told him not to leave the city without permission.


What is the Story of Shoaib Malik?

Shoaib Malik claims that He signed the 'nikahnama' thinking that he was marrying the girl whose photographs were sent to him.
Ayesha Siddiqui was the girl who had introduced herself as Maha Apa or elder sister of Ayesha and had taken him around in Hyderabad during his visits.
Shoaib claimed that Ayesha had starting making phone calls to him in 2001 when he was in Sharjah with the Pakistani team.
He said when he came to Hyderabad in 2002 to meet Ayesha; he was told that she had left for Saudi Arabia for some urgent work. "She told me over phone that Rema and Maha Apa would take me around," he claimed.
Maliks says that in 2002 Ayesha forced him into marriage over telephone It happened in August 2005. My brother-in-law got a photograph of a teacher in Saudi Arabia who was telling people around her that Shoaib was married to her. His nephews were studying in that school. I was aghast when he showed me the photograph of the teacher. The woman in the photograph was the woman I called Maha Apa.”“I immediately confronted Maha Apa. I told her I didn’t want to speak to her again. I told Ayesha I was going to release photographs she had been mailing me to the media. She apologized and told me that the other girl was married and that I would ruin her life if I release the photographs. I thought about it, who so ever is in the photograph does not even know about all this and it would not be fair to release the pictures.”


Now as all the 3 Parties are Muslim families so here Muslim Personal law will be applicable.

First understand and know the Pakistan Muslim law in short –

In Pakistan marriage age is 18
Islam permits the Male to marry 4 times, to keep 4 wives, but as per the Pakistani Islamic law
for the second marriage a husband must seek permission from his first wife.

Position of Indian Muslim law –

As Per Indian Muslim law, Muslim person can marry 4 times, can keep 4 wives.
Indian Muslim man does not need to take the permission of the first wife to marry second female.
It is just expected that he should be able to maintain both the wives.
the nikah on telephone according to Islamic Shariat was invalid.

But in case of Malik he has accepted the Nikahnama sign so now there is no question of telephonic talk and nikah.

Everything depends on the Nikahnama document. And does Malik can prove that he married different girl and he met different girl.
The girl cheated him by sending the false photographs.

Now in this all case
The telephone and internet talk and oath are not important.

Most important is Nikahnama and does Nikahnama fulfill the requirement of that document.

Understand what is Nikah and Nikahnama, Muslim Marriage? –
Nikah - The legal contract between a bride and bridegroom as part of an Islamic marriage; the contract of Islamic marriage; Islamic marriage
A Muslim marriage requires proposal ‘Ijab’ from one party and acceptance ‘Qubul’ from the other side. This must be done in one sitting.
Nikahnama is legal document and Court will verify that the Nikahnama is signed by the witnesses, the agent who is called as Vakil, this is not a legal advocate or lawyer, just the agent is called as Vakil.

Now in this does anybody got the power and right to stop Malik and Sania marrying on
April 15?

As per Muslim law and Indian law no one can stop Malik and Sania marrying each other on April 15.

Indian Police has registered the case against him under
• 498 A (harassment),
• 420 (cheating)
• 506 (criminal intimidation) of the Indian Penal Code.

Indian Penal Code 498 A deals with the dowry –
“Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the husband of a woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also is liable to fine. The offence is Cognizable, non-compoundable and non-bailable.

From so many years both Ayesha and Malik are not staying together, so the question of
498 A does not arise.
This law is used when the wife is beaten or troubled by her husband or his family regarding dowry.
Malik is richer than Ayesha so this is 2nd point this Indian penal code section is not useful in this case.
In this case marriage itself is the question? So where the question of harassment does arises.



Indian Penal code 420 Cheating and Malik –
420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property. Whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. Of fraudulent deeds and dispositions of property

The marriage is not proven, so there is no cheating that he is marrying 2nd time.

Point number 2 is that As per Indian Muslim law Malik does not need to take the permission from his first wife Ayesha to take the permission for second marriage.
In this way again there is no case of cheating on the part of Malik.
Still it is not proven that Malik has taken any wrongful financial advantage of Ayesha.


Indian Penal code section 506 – criminal intimidation and Malik –

506. Punishment for criminal intimidation.-- Whoever commits the offence of criminal intimidation shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both; If threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, etc. If threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, etc. and if the threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, or to cause the destruction of any property by fire, or to cause an offence punishable with death or 3[imprisonment for life], of with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years, or to impute unchastity to a woman, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both.

It is very difficult on the part of Ayesha and police to prove that Malik has done this.
There is no reason or motive for Malik to do this type of crime, when no one can stop him marrying for the 2nd time.

Advice for Malik - He should get the anticipatory bail from the Sessions court.

What will happen if Malik and Sania get married together and later Nikahnama proves that Ayesha is his first wife?

In this case The marriage of Sania Mirza with Malik will be legal and will be seen as 2nd marriage of Malik.
Malik will be required to give good life to the first wife Ayesha.
If Ayesha wants divorce she can take the Khulla that is divorce from Malik.
Malik will be required to give Mehar amount to the Ayesha.

The question is why all the three families are fighting with each other, when the solution is simple.
Sit together, Discuss it and solve it.
if Ayesha wants divorce she should go to the concern authority and get the Khulla from her husband.

Only point is that may be Ayesha really married with Malik by hook or crook and she loves him lot one sided so she expect that Malik should give her respect and divorce her.


Now ball is in the hands of Court and everything will depend on the Nikahnama.

Update - April 8, 2010

1.Shoaib Malik gave divorce to Ayesha Siddiqui whom he had married before 7 years. Thus accepting that Ayesha and Mahaappa are both same and one and only one girl. On the divorce paper both the names were written with the photo of girl with the spectacles.

2.Shoaib will give Rs. 15000 to Ayesha Siddiqui for 3 months (Rs. 5000 per month).

3.After this the lawyers of Ayesha has filed an application in the Police station regarding withdrawal of criminal cases against the Malik.

4.Now Sania and Malik both are ready and free to marry on April 15 2010

5.From this episode of Malik one thing again came forward that Indian Muslim law is more generous than Pakistani Muslim law.

6.It is said that and also a fact that Indian Muslim law is more ancient than majority Muslim religious nations.

Not confirmed - But this is what people are discussing. - Malik to pay Ayesha 15 crores
Shoaib has agreed to pay Rs 12 crore directly to Ayesha and her family and another Rs 3 crore towards sundry ‘costs.’ A group of five community elders have taken the responsibility of coordinating the management, it is believed. Ayesha has to reciprocate by withdrawing the police case against Malik.

After marriage we have to see that will the couple Sania Mirza and Shoaib Malik remain in Pakistan or Become the citizens of Dubai, or UK or Canada ?

Below is the Photo of Sania,Ayesha and Malik -



Update 12 April 2010
Today ,sania mirza and shoaib malik wedding or nikah was held at a five-star hotel Taj Krishna around 1:00 p.m. as per Muslim religious traditions.
Now both are happily married

Below is the marriage photo of Sania and Shoaib Malik Marriage –

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Know about the Smart bombs, Difference between bomb, rocket and missile –

Know about the Smart bombs, Difference between bomb, rocket and missile –

Reality Views by sm -

1. Smart bomb - a bomb that can be guided (by a laser beam or radio) to its target while a simple normal bomb is basically nothing more than a warhead, or an explosive charge, wrapped inside an aerodynamic shell to give it stability as it falls towards a target.


2. Laser-guided bomb - a smart bomb that seeks the laser light reflected off of the target and uses it to correct its descent; "laser-guided bombs cannot be used in cloudy weather"

3. a smart bomb is a precision-guided munition

4. Real-time pictures of the target area to the aircrew, which then lock the weapon onto the target or actively guide it all the way to impact. In bombs with the laser-guidance system, commonly called laser-guided bombs, the target is illuminated by a laser beam from the releasing aircraft, another target-control aircraft, or a ground force

5. The first smart bombs were equipped with television cameras, and transmitted a "bomb's eye view" of the target back to a controlling aircraft. An operator in this aircraft then transmitted control signals to steerable fins fitted to the bomb.

6. After this came smart bombs used laser guidance, relying on the target being illuminated by a "target designator" on the ground or on an aircraft, but were not usable in poor weather conditions where the target illumination could not be seen, or where it was not possible to get a target designator near to the target. The laser designator sends its beam in a series of encrypted pulses so that the bomb cannot be confused by an ordinary laser. Current and new technology developed is JDAM which I have mentioned below.

7. Dumb Bomb - A bomb has no propulsion system, so the weapon can only travel to its initial momentum and the acceleration of gravity. A bomb also has no form of guidance and will fall wherever its momentum takes it. It is for this reason that unguided bombs are often referred to as "dumb" bombs. There are many types of dumb bombs and are classified on their weight. The Mk 80 family includes the Mk 81, weighing 250 lb (113 kg), the Mk 82, weighing 500 lb (227 kg), the Mk 83, weighing 1,000 lb (454 kg), and the Mk 84, weighing 2,000 lb (907 kg).

8. In the US munitions designation system, unguided bombs like these are typically denoted by the term BLU For example, the Mk 82 and 83, with are also known as the BLU-111 and BLU-110 while a close relative of the Mk 84 is the BLU-109.

9. A common type is the Mk 80 series developed by the US Navy

10. If an unguided warhead is attached to some type of propulsion system, most often a solid rocket motor, the result is a rocket. A rocket has no form of guidance and remains a "dumb" weapon. The rocket has a means of propulsion that allows it to travel farther and faster than a bomb.

11. When we take unguided rocket and add a guidance system, the result is a missile.

12. A missile contains all three of the elements a warhead, a propulsion system, and some form of guidance.

13. The most common types of seekers or sensors used today include infrared, radar, lasers, inertial, and GPS. It is the use of these guidance systems that turns a "dumb" weapon into a "smart" weapon.

14. Missiles are normally classified as air-to-air missiles to fight and destroy the enemy aircraft and air-to-ground missiles to target the surface, land or destroy enemy army and their tanks, to help the army move ahead faster to capture the enemy land. If you saw the Movie Border you will easily understand this theory. The USA uses the names for them as follows names like AIM for Air Intercept Missile and AGM for Air Surface-attack Missile.

15. Cluster Bombs are unguided so they are also called as dumb bombs. Cluster bombs popularity is less because after the use also they keep their effects on that area. Mines and chemical weapons are now largely outlawed by international agreements.

16. A guided bomb, also known as a GBU for Guided Bomb Unit, is an unguided warhead that has a guidance system attached to it. This guidance unit turns the "dumb" warhead into a "smart" bomb it still lacks a propulsion system

17. The most well known guided bombs include laser-guided bombs and GPS-guided bombs. Laser-guided bombs were first developed during the Vietnam War as a method of making more accurate attacks against targets

18. A laser-guided bomb consists of a dumb bomb, like one of the Mk 80 family, with a laser seeker system attached to the nose. Control fins are also added to the nose and tail to give the bomb the ability to maneuver. The seeker makes it possible for the bomb to lock onto a specific target while the control system adjusts the bomb's course and steers it towards that target. To understand this correctly please see the picture below the article.

19. The US has developed a new class of guided bombs that uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) to guide the bomb to hit the target with more accuracy. These bombs are known as Joint Direct Attack Munitions, or JDAM and these bombs also use the unguided warhead of the Mk 80 family but adds a GPS system

20. The JDAM kit consists of a tail unit that is attached to the Mk 80 warhead. This tail unit carries a GPS receiver and processor allowing the weapon to compute its location relative to the coordinates of a pre-programmed target. The guidance system then adjusts the moveable tail fins to control the weapon's trajectory as it falls to the target.

21. Examples of the JDAM family include the GBU-38, based on the Mk 82 500-lb warhead, GBU-32, based on the Mk 83 1,000-lb warhead, and GBU-31, based on the Mk 84 2,000-lb warhead.

22. There are two basic families of laser-guided bombs in American service: the Paveway II and the Paveway III.

23. The Paveway III guidance system is more aerodynamically efficient and so has a longer range, however it is more expensive.

24. Paveway II 500-pound LGBs (such as GBU-12) are a cheaper lightweight PGM suitable for use against vehicles and other small targets, while a Paveway III 2000-pound penetrator (such as GBU-24) is a more expensive weapon suitable for use against high-value targets.


25. In aerial wars these smart bombs are used. In aerial wars when the bomb is dropped on the target it should hit it with the 100 percent accuracy, saving the innocent targets with great results to end war faster.

26. Today there are many weapons which use the guidance system; this is reason one has to define each weapon separately.

27. Smart Bombs or PGM may be regarded as weapons which are air launched and guided to their target through the use of laser, electro-optical sensors, global positioning systems, or inertial navigation systems.

28. Smart bombs were developed in the Germany and USA

29. German weapon types were the Ruhrstahl/Kramer X1, or Fritz X, and the Henschel Hs 293, both used for anti-shipping purposes. Both were guided to their targets by radio signals. The Hs 293 was the first into action, sinking the sloop HMS Egret on 27 August 1943.

30. A guided bomb is different from the guided missile. Guided missile has an onboard engine and guided bomb depends on the speed and height of the launch aircraft for propulsion

31. In aerial war fights fire and forget means pilot can release the weapon and it will guide itself to the target without further input, which allows the delivery aircraft to manoeuvre to escape return fire.

32. It is very difficult to use the smart bombs efficiently in bad weather when visibility of the ground or target from the air was degraded.

33. The problem of poor visibility does not affect satellite-guided weapons such as Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) and Joint Stand-Off Weapon (JSOW), which make use of the United States' GPS system for guidance. This weapon can be employed in all weather conditions, without any need for ground support. But if the target information is wrong then it will hit the wrong target .but when target information is perfect and correct it will surely hit the target destroying it

34. Boeing has developed a Laser JDAM (LJDAM) to provide both types of guidance in a single kit. The fighter aircraft F16 has the capacity to carry these hybrid laser JDAM as well as older smart bombs.

35. The laser-guided munitions can be dropped from Pakistan's current fleet of US-made F-16 fighter jets.

36. The GPS-guided munitions currently in service are the USA's GAM-84 and GAM-113


37. Propulsion means moving forward, the act driving forward or away; the act or process of propelling; as, steam propulsion.


38. The measurement used to determine bombing efficiency is known as circular error probable or CEP. The CEP is the radial distance from a target inscribing an imaginary circle with an area large enough so that 50 percent of the bombs dropped fall within it


39. munition means weapons collectively

Below is the photo of MK84 Series Bomb showing fuse, wing etc.




Few readers commented that in arms articles that its to much technical, so I tried this time to make it as easy as possible to understand the subject.

Thanks for commenting

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Know About Document Identification Number (DIN) – A new Compulsory Number –

Know About Document Identification Number (DIN) – A new Compulsory Number –
Reality views by sm -
According to a Central Board of Direct Taxes "insertion of new Section 282B" in the I-T Act, Document Identification Number DIN, will be mandatory "in respect of every notice, order, letter or any correspondence" with the department.



From this year that is the financial year (2010-11) it will become mandatory to quote mention on "every" tax related communication or correspondence.

Now the question is how the number will be given by Tax Department?

The department will soon put in place a tech-based mechanism to generate 'DIN' which will be allotted to taxpayers. The DIN will be generated by the computer.

The number will be generated by the department and will be useful essentially for error-free filing of tax returns, claiming refunds and other communication with the department by the assesses.

Assesses, that is tax payers will not be put to any trouble as the numbers will be generated and allotted by the department itself.
Once allotted, the assessee will have to quote it thereon.
I-T officials will also be allotted the numbers as the effort is to streamline the process.

As per the new section 282B, it is provided that where the notice, order, letter or any correspondence issued by any income-tax authority does not bear a Document Identification Number, such notice, order, letter or any correspondence shall be treated as invalid and shall be deemed never to have been issued.

The purpose behind the introduction of DIN is that to bring more transparency in the administration of tax.

It is also provided that every document, letter or any correspondence, received by an income-tax authority or on behalf of such authority, shall be accepted only after allotting and quoting of a computer generated Document Identification Number.
Further, it is provided where the document, letter or any correspondence received by any income-tax authority or on behalf of such authority does not bear Document Identification Number, such document, letter or any correspondence shall be treated as invalid and shall be deemed never to have been received.
It is expected that from the October 2010 the department will start to give the DIN numbers.

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The Impact of Right to Education Act – Mayawati says No money for RTE –

The Impact of Right to Education Act – Mayawati says No money for RTE –
Reality Views by sm -
Before this law was made, and amendment was made, many people said that this law got the problems; this law is not perfect and criticizes it.
But now after passing of this law, we can see the real face of our Politicians,


Chief Minister Mayawati is the first one saying that her government and state does not have money for the right to education expenditure.
This way all the politicians and chief ministers very slowly will come into open and the poor population who votes for them will realize and know the character of their politicians.
To implement the Right to education act Utter Pradesh Government will need
Rs 18,000 crore in one year, of which 45 percent that is Rs 8,000 crore--have to be arranged by the state.
Chief Minister Mayawati has said that state does not have Rs 8,000 crore for the education of children.
If the right to education act is implemented in the Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh will need new 4,596 new primary and 2,349 upper primary schools and with this 3.25 lakh teachers would be required in primary schools.
3.25 Lakh New Jobs will be created in the State of Uttar Pradesh. Besides 67,000 new regular and 44,000 part-time teachers would be required in upper primary schools
Mayawati and Utter Pradesh Government got the funds to build the parks, statues and monuments but did not have funds for the Education.
To protect these monuments Mayawati, Utter Pradesh Government has decided to create special zone security force within one month with a huge expenditure of nearly Rs 10,000 crore.
The annual expenditure on the force was expected to be around Rs 8 crore.

Is it not the duty of the Police officers and police department of UP to protect the property of state? so why again one more force ?

Or

Does it mean that Uttar Pradesh police department is not capable to protect the property of state ?

Baba Saheb the God of India also said that Education is the key to the success and these are the followers of Baba Saheb who build the gardens but are not ready to build the schools.

Uttar Pradesh’s budget is of the Rs.120, 000 crore. And do not have money, funds for the education and implementation of the Right to education act.

This is the real face of Indian politicians and government working.

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Part 9 – Indian Legal History – Judicial Plan of Warren Hastings 1772 and 1774

Part 9 – Indian Legal History – Judicial Plan of Warren Hastings 1772 and 1774
Reality Views by sm -

1.Warren Hastings Administrative plan divided territory of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa into number of Districts.

2.In each District an English servant of the company was appointed as collector who was to be responsible for the collection of land revenue.


3.Establishment of Mofussil Diwani Adalat

4.As per Warren Hastings plan a Mofussil Diwani Adalat was established in every district with collector as the Judge. The court was authorized to decide all civil cases like disputes regarding properties, inheritance, marriage, caste, debts, disputed accounts, contracts, partnerships and demands of rent.

5.Where ever possible religious laws of Muslim as well as Hindus were followed and applied .E.g. Caste, marriage, inheritance etc.

6.As English servant who was appointed as Collector did not understand the religious laws , Kazis and Pundits were appointed to help him

7.The decisions of the Mofussil Diwani Adalat in cases up to Rs.500 were final.

8.Establishment of Small Cause Adalat –

9.As name says, this Adalat decided petty cases up to Rs. 10 .The Head farmer of the Pergunnah became the judge. This system was designed to save the traveling expenses of poor farmers, as they did not need to travel to the district place for justice.

10.Establishment of Mofussil Fozdari Adalat –

11.In every district a mofussil nizamat or fozdari adalat was established to try all criminal cases.

12.The adalat consisted of the Muslim kazi, mufti and moulvies.

13.The moulvies interpreted the Muslim law of crimes.

14.The Kazi and Mufti gave fatwa and render judgment.

15.In this adalat collector exercise general supervision over the Adalat, and saw that no corruption was made in the case. The judgment was given impartially.

16.This Fozdari adalat was not allowed to handle cases where punishment was death sentence or forfeiture of property of the accused. Such cases went to Sadar Nizamat Adalat for final orders.

17.Establishment of Sadar Adalats –

18. Firstly two courts were established namely Mofussil Diwani Adalat and Mofussil Fozdari Adalat over them 2 superior courts were established namely Sadar Diwani Adalat and Sadar Nizamat Adalat.

19.The sadar diwani adalat was consisted of Governor and members of the council and was to hear appeals from the mofussil diwani adalat in the cases over 500 Rs.

20.The first sitting of the Sadar Diwani adalat was held on the 17th March, 1773.

21.On each appeal fee of 5 percent was charged.

22.The appeals were to be filed in the Adalat within 2 months from the date of the judgment, decree given by the Mofussil Adalat.

23.Establishment of Sadar Nizamat Adalat –

24.Sadar Nizamat Adalat consisted of an Indian judge known as Daroga-i-adalat who was to be assisted by the chief Kazi, chief mufti and 3 moulvies. Nawab appointed all these persons as per the advice of Governor.

25.In case of death sentence, punishment death warrant was made by the Adalat and signed by the Nawab as the Head of Nizamat.

26.The governor and council supervised this adalat to control and reduce the corruption.

27.All cases were heard in the open court.

28.All courts were ordered to maintain registers and records.

29.Any case older than 12 years was not accepted.

30.District courts forwarded their records to the Sadar adalat

31.In civil cases when Plaintiff filed a case, defendant accused person was given only limited time to give answer and then examine the witness and give the decree, pass the final orders.

32.The plan tried to reduce the expenses of people.

33.With this plan law officers like kazis, muftis were given salaries.

34.Before this plan Judge charged the commission but this new plan abolished this law and introduced the Court fee system where fees went to Government.

35.After this plan and establishment of Courts for common Indians it became easy to approach the Judiciary.

36.Warren Hastings was very intelligent person; he purposefully did not take the full charge of Criminal justice system and kept the puppet Nizam alive.

37.He did not change the forms and when possible tried to show case that company respected the Nizam. Like Nizam got the power to sign the death sentence.

38.The other clever intelligent system Warren Hastings kept alive was that following Hindu laws for Hindus and Muslim laws for the Muslims.

39.In this plan collector got the many powers, collector was the administrator, tax collector, civil judge and supervisor over the criminal courts.

40.With this collectors got the unlimited powers and Warren Hastings knew this that collectors will become corrupt and he already told the company directors about this defect of this plan. The directors of the company understood the fear and reality of this plan.

41.In the year 1773, Company directed the Calcutta council to withdraw the collectors as they became very corrupt.

42.After this Calcutta Government introduced new plan for the collection of revenue and administration of Justice on November 23, 1773 and put it into force in the year 1774.

43.Plan of 1774 –

44.With this plan collectors were recalled from every district.

45.In place of Collector an Indian officer was appointed called as Diwan or amil.

46.Diwan got the power to collect the revenue as well as act as a judge in the Mofussil diwani adalat.

47.The territory of Bengal , Bihar and Orissa was divided into six divisions with their head quarters at Calcutta, Burdwan, Murshidabad , Dinajpore, Dacca and Patna

48.In each division many districts were created.

49.The complete Bihar came under the Patna Division

50.A provincial Council consisting of four or five English servants of the company were appointed in each division to supervise the collection of revenue and to hear appeals from the cases decided by the amil , the Indian diwan.

51.The appeals from this Provincial council were allowed if the case amount was more than Rs. 1000. The appeal went to Sadar Diwani Adalat.

52.This time also Warren Hastings new that the Provisional council will do the more harm and more corruption than the Collectors. Warren Hastings thought this plan as a temporary plan but Regulating act was passed in this time and Warren Hasting could not change the plan until year 1780

Continued -

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Edward Maya - Stereo Love Lyrics with Video –

Edward Maya - Stereo Love Lyrics with Video –
Watch the Edward Maya Stereo Love lyrics video below the lyrics of song Edward Maya stereo love.

When you’re going to stop breaking my heart
I don’t want to be another one


Paying for the things I never done
Don’t let go
Don’t let go
To my love
Can I get to your soul
Can you get to my thoughts
Can you promise we won’t let go
All the things that I need
All the things that you need
You can make it feel so real.
Cuz? You can’t deny
you’ve blown my mind
When I touch your body
I feel I’m loosing control
Cuz? you can’t deny
You’ve blown my mind
When I see you baby
I just don’t want to let go
When you’re going to stop breaking my heart
I don’t want to be another one
Paying for the things I never done
Don’t let go
Don’t let go
To my love
I hate to see you cry
Your smile is a beautiful lie
I hate to see you cry
My love is dying inside x2
I can fix all those lies
But baby, baby I run, but I’m running to you
You won’t see me cry, I’m hiding inside
My heart is in pain but I’m smiling for you
Oh baby I’ll try to make the things right
I need you more than air when I’m not with you
Please don’t ask me why, just kiss me this time
My only dream is about you and I
Can I get to your soul
Can you get to my thoughts
Can you promise we won’t let go
All the things that I need
All the things that you need
You can make it feel so real
Cuz? you can’t deny
You’ve blown my mind
When I touch your body
I feel I’m losing control
Cuz? you can’t deny
You’ve blown my mind
When I see you baby
I just don’t want to let go
When you’re going to stop breaking my heart
I don’t want to be another one
Paying for the things I never done
Don’t let go
Don’t let go
To my love
I hate to see you cry
My love is dying inside
I can fix all those lies
But baby, baby I run, but I’m running to you
You won’t see me cry, I’m hiding inside
My heart is in pain but I’m smiling for you
Oh baby I’ll try to make the things right
I need you more than air when I’m not with you
Please don’t ask me why, just kiss me this time
My only dream is about you and I

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Know How to Join Indian Air Force - Career Opportunities in IAF – Complete Details

Know How to Join Indian Air Force - Career Opportunities in IAF – Complete Details
Reality Views by sm -
Ever thought of, dream of working for the Indian Air Force.
Working in the Indian Air Force is about being in the middle of supersonic jets.


Know how to join Indian Air Force as an officer?

First Step - Checking Are you qualified to Join Indian Air force -
One can join the Indian Air Force in the flying, technical or the ground branches. Know the eligibility criteria for different branches and educational qualification below.
1. Intermediate (10+2)
2. Graduate
3. Engineer
4. Post Graduate

Physical Standards –
Physical fitness is one of the most important prerequisites for joining the Air Force.
Irrespective of the branch you are applying for, you must fulfil some basic physical standards. Listed below are some guidelines that identify the general physical requirements that are common for all candidates.
You must be in good physical and mental health and free from any disease/ disability, which is likely to interfere with efficient performance of duties.
There should be no evidence of weak constitution, bodily defects or overweight.
The height and weight standards for men and women differ.
Your chest should be well developed. The minimum range of expansion after full inspiration should be 5 cm.

• There should be no disease of bones and joints of the body.

• You should be free of any past history of mental breakdown or fits.

• Your hearing should be normal without any evidence of present or past disease of the ear, nose and throat.

• There should be no sign of functional or organic disease of the heart and blood vessels. Your blood pressure should also be normal.

• The muscles of the abdomen should be well developed without any enlargement of the liver or spleen. Any evidence of disease of internal organs of the abdomen can be a cause for rejection.

• An un-operated hernia can make you unfit for selection. If operated, this should have been done at least six months prior to the present examination and healing should be complete without any potential for recurrence.

• There should be no hydrocele, varicocele or piles. If operated for hydrocele and/or varicocele, this should have been done at least six months prior to the present examination and healing should be complete without any recurrence.

• Urine examination will be done and any abnormality, if detected, can be a cause for rejection.

• Any disease of the skin, which is likely to cause disability or disfigurement, will also be a cause for rejection.

• Vision will be tested. You must have good binocular vision. In case you have undergone or are detected to have undergone Radial Keratotomy, or any other procedure to improve the visual acuity, you will be permanently rejected.

• You should have sufficient number of natural and sound teeth. A minimum of 14 dental points will be acceptable. When 32 teeth are present, the total dental points are 22. You should not be suffering from severe pyorrhoea.

• The following are conditions pertaining to women that will entail rejection for all Air Force Duties:

• Acute or chronic pelvic infection
• Severe menorrhagia
• Severe dysmenorrhea
• Complete prolapse of uterus
• Pregnancy/ Amenorrhea
• Any other gynaecological condition, if so considered by the specialist.


Now Know in details the eligibility Criteria –

Intermediate (10+2) –
Eligibility Criteria
To join the NDA you need to fulfill the following requirements:
Age - 16 ½ to 19 years*
Nationality - Indian
Gender - This is applicable only to men.
Educational Qualifications - You should have passed your 10+2 with Physics and Mathematics. You can, however send us your application during your 10+2; provided you meet the eligibility criteria at the time of joining the Academy.

Graduate –
Candidates short-listed after the initial selection procedure, go through a rigorous training regimen at one of the Air Force training establishments. Thereafter, they are commissioned as officers and posted at any of the Air Force Stations.
As a graduate, you can fly into a challenging and rewarding career in the Air Force by applying for the suitable branch.
1. Flying Branch
2. Technical Branch
3. Ground Duty Branches

Know in Details about each branch –

1 - Flying Branch –
You surely fly high after joining the Flying branch of the Indian Air Force. You are trained either as a Fighter pilot, or a Helicopter pilot, or a Transport pilot and are a part of various peace and wartime missions.
As a graduate, you enter the Flying branch through the Air Force Academy.

The following are the three modes of entry for engineers to join the Flying branch:

Combined Defence Services Examination (CDSE)
You can take the Combined Defence Services Examination (written test conducted by UPSC) to join the Flying branch of the Indian Air Force. Men can join the Air Force through this mode of entry and will be given a Permanent Commission.
For applying through any of the entry points mentioned above, you must fulfill the following eligibility criteria:
Age - 19 to 23 years*
Marital Status – Single
Nationality - Indian
Gender - for men only.
Educational Qualifications -
1. Any Graduate (Three Year Course)/ BE / B Tech (Four Year Course) with Physics and Mathematics at 10+2 level.
2. Final Year students can also apply, provided they do not have any backlog.
3. No Percentage Bar for CDSE entry.
Advertisement Schedule: April and September Every Year

National Cadet Corps Special Entry (Through CO NCC Unit / DG NCC)
As an Air Wing Senior division 'C' Certificate holder of the National Cadet Corps, you can apply to the Flying branch of the Indian Air Force. Men can join the Air Force through this mode of entry and will be given a Permanent Commission.
For applying through any of the entry points mentioned above, you must fulfill the following eligibility criteria:
Age - 19 to 23 years*
Marital Status - Single
Nationality - Indian
Gender - for men only.
Educational Qualifications -
1. Any Graduate Degree ( Three year Course)/ BE / B Tech ( Four Year Course) with minimum 60 % marks in Aggregate in all papers put together in Graduation with Physics and Mathematics at 10+2 level.
2. Final Year students can also apply, provided they do not have any backlog and min 60 % aggregate marks in the previous year/ semester.
3. NCC Air Wing Senior Division 'C' certificate.
Advertisement Schedule: April and October Every Year

Flying (Pilot) Short Service Commission (For Men & women) with Term of Engagement of 14 Years with no further extension
Both men and women are eligible to apply for short service commission in the flying branch. ” Short Service Commission in flying branch is for 14 years with no further extension.

For applying through any of the entry points mentioned above, you must fulfill the following eligibility criteria:
Age - 19 to 23 years*
Marital Status - Single
Nationality - Indian
Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
Educational Qualifications -
1. Any Graduate Degree ( Three year Course)/ BE / B Tech ( Four Year Course) with minimum 60 % marks in Aggregate in all papers put together in Graduation with Physics and Mathematics at 10+2 level.
2. Final Year students can also apply, provided they do not have any backlog and min 60 % aggregate marks in the previous year/ semester.
3. Advertisement Schedule: March and September Every Year



2. Technical Branch -
As an officer in the Technical Branch, you propel and manage your team to ensure that the Indian Air Force remains airworthy. You can apply for any of the following streams through the Direct Entry Scheme.
Direct Entry Scheme - After you have completed your Engineering, you can join the Technical Branch through the Direct Entry Scheme. Both men and women can use this mode of entry to apply to the Indian Air Force.
Aeronautical Engineering (Electronics) – As an Aeronautical Engineer in the Electronics stream, you will be responsible for the communication and signals required on the Air Force station. You will also be in charge of the execution of preventive maintenance and servicing of aircraft. With further in-service training, you could also move to the repair and overhaul divisions of the Indian Air Force.
Aeronautical Engineering (Mechanical) –After you join the Indian Air Force as an Aeronautical Engineer in the Mechanical stream, you could be placed at a position that requires you to be involved with preventive maintenance and servicing of aircraft or of common user and specialist application vehicles. You could also be involved in the safety and maintenance of firearms and ammunition at an Air Force Base.
You can apply for the Technical Branch via any of the two schemes listed below:
Direct Entry Scheme –
After you have completed your engineering, you can join the Technical Branch through the Direct Entry Scheme. Both Men and Women can use this mode of entry to apply to the Indian Air Force.
University Entry Scheme (UES)
Direct Entry Scheme –
Aeronautical Engineering (Electronics) & Aeronautical Engineering (Mechanical) Permanent Commission (Men) / Short Service Commission (Men & Women)
Aeronautical Engineering (Electronics)
Permanent / Short Service Commission

As an Aeronautical Engineer in the Electronics stream, you will be responsible for the communication and signals required on the Air Force station. You will also be in charge of the execution of preventive maintenance and servicing of aircraft. With further in-service training, you could also move to the repair and overhaul divisions of the Indian Air Force.
To join the Aeronautical Engineering (Electronics) stream you must fulfill the following eligibility criteria:
• Age - 18 to 28 years*
• Marital Status – Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
• Educational Qualification (Aeronautical Engineer – Electronics)
• Minimum 60% marks in aggregate in all papers put together in
• BE / B.Tech in Electronics / Telecommunication / Electrical / Communication / Electronics & Communication / Instrumentation / Information Technology /Computer Science & Engineering or a combination of these subjects.
• OR
• Diploma in Electronics of Madras Institute of Technology.
• OR
• B Tech in Radio Physics and Electronics / Optics and Opto Electronics.
• OR
• MSc Degree in Physics (With Electronics) / Electronics / Computer Science / Computer Applications
• OR
• MCA with Maths, Physics and Electronics at graduation level.
• OR
• MSc. Tech in Electronics and Radio Engineering
• OR
• Section A&B Examination of the Associate Membership Examination of the Institution of Engineers (India) in Electrical, Electronics or Telecommunication subjects
• OR
• Graduate Membership Examination of the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers with subjects of Section A & full subjects of Section B by actual studies (Maths, Applied Electronics and Circuits, Principals of Communication Engineering, Transmission lines and Networks)
• OR
• Section A & B of Examination of Aeronautical Society of India by Actual Studies in Avionics / Communication streams

Aeronautical Engineering (Mechanical)
Permanent / Short Service Commission
After you join the Indian Air Force as an Aeronautical Engineer in the Mechanical stream, you could be placed at a position that requires you to be involved with preventive maintenance and servicing of aircraft or of common user and specialist application vehicles. You could also be involved in the safety and maintenance of firearms and ammunition at an Air Force Base.
To join the Aeronautical Engineering (Mechanical) stream, you must fulfil the following conditions:
• Age - 18 to 28 years*
• Marital Status - Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
• Educational Qualification (Aeronautical Engineer-Mechanical)
• Minimum 60% marks in aggregate in all papers put together in
• BE / B.Tech in Aeronautical / Mechanical / Production / Industrial Production or a combination of these subjects
• OR
• Section A and B of Associate Membership Examination of Institution of Engineering (India) with Mechanical / Aeronautical subjects by actual studies
• OR
• Section A and B of Associate Membership Examination of the Aeronautical Society of India with Group I (Design and Production) or Group II (Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul) subjects by actual studies
• Advertisement Schedule: February and August Every Year
• At the time of commencement of training.
• University Entry Scheme (UES)
• Permanent Commission (For Male only)

• Educational Qualifications: The candidate must be currently studying in Pre-final year of BE / B Tech degree course in the relevant streams of engineering as mentioned above and must have secured minimum of 60% marks in aggregate unto the last semester for which results have been declared, at the time of applying / AFSB testing. There must be No backlog / arrears of papers of previous semesters. On completion of degree, minimum 60% of marks in aggregate are mandatory.


3 - Ground Duty Branches –
Managing human and material resources, the Ground Duty Branch is the mechanism that steers the Indian Air Force. There are numerous opportunities for both men and women to build a challenging career.
You can join as an officer in any of the following Ground Duty Branches:
• Administration Branch
• Accounts Branch
• Logistics Branch
• Education
• Metereology

• Administration Branch –
• Short Service Commission
• If the Indian Air Force grants you the Short Service Commission, it means that you have been accepted in service for a period of ten years. Depending upon your performance, Air Force requirements and your inclination to continue, you can extend your tenure by five years.
• Thereafter, you can extend your tenure by another five years or retire at forty whichever comes first. The Short Service Commission is granted to both men and women.
• As an officer in the Administration Department, you will be responsible for the efficient management of both human and material resources. Some of the officers of the Administration Branch are selected to carry out the following duties also:

Air Traffic Controller
As Air Traffic Controller, your core responsibilities will involve maintaining an orderly flow of traffic and airspace management.

Fighter Controller
As Fighter Controller, you will be posted to an Air Defence radar unit and will be responsible for close contact and supervision between the air and radar for effective airspace management.

To join the Administration Branches, you must fulfil the following criteria:
• Age - 20 to 23 years* for Graduates, 20 to 25 years* for Post Graduates and 20 to 26 Years for Law Graduates (3 Years Course).
• Marital Status -- Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
• Educational Qualifications - Any Graduate with minimum 60 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together OR Post Graduate Degree with minimum 50 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together in Arts / Science / Commerce / Management / Engineering or LLB . [For law graduates (three years course) the upper age is relaxed upto 26 years]

Accounts Branch
Permanent/Short Service Commission
As an officer in the Accounts Branch, you are responsible for efficient management of funds as well as disbursement of pay and allowances to Air Force personnel. You will also act as internal auditor to ensure a zero-defect audit from outside agencies.

You must fulfil the following criteria to be a part of the Accounts Branch:

• Age - 20 to 23 years* for Graduates, 20 to 25 years* for Post Graduates and 20 to 27 years for CA / ICWA.
• Marital Status - Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
• Educational Qualifications - Graduate Degree in Commerce with minimum 60 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together.
• Or
• Post Graduate Degree in Commerce with minimum 50 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together.
• Or
• CA / ICWA with minimum 50% marks in aggregate in all papers put together after BCom / M Com.

Logistics
Permanent/Short Service Commission
As an officer in the logistics department, you will undertake material management of all Air Force resources. From clothing to aircraft equipment, you will ensure efficient supervision of inventories and availability of necessary items to all operators and users.

To join material management team, you must fulfil the following criteria:

• Age - 20 to 23 years* for Graduates, 20 to 25 years* for Post Graduates and 20 to 26 Years for Law Graduates (3 Years Course).
• Marital Status - Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both men and women.
• Educational Qualifications -
• Any Graduate with minimum 60 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together OR Post Graduate Degree with minimum 50 % marks in aggregate in all papers put together in Arts / Science / Commerce / Management / Engineering or LLB . [For law graduates (three years course) the upper age is relaxed upto 26 years]
• Advertisement Schedule:
• March and September Every Year

Education Branch
Permanent/Short Service Commission

You can look forward to a fulfilling career as an officer in the Education Branch.

To join as an officer in the Education Branch you need to fulfil the following requirements:
• Age - 20 to 25 years* for Post Graduates and 20 to 27 For M Ed and Ph D.
• Marital Status - Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both Men and Women.
• Educational Qualifications-
• Post Graduate Degree with minimum 50 % marks in aggregate in English / Psychology / Defence Studies / Mathematics / Physics / Statistics / Computer Science / Management
• Or
• M Ed degree after PG in above stated subjects.
• Or
• Ph D in above stated subjects.

Meteorological Branch
Permanent/Short Service Commission

You can look forward to a fulfilling career as an officer in the Meteorology Branch. Handling the latest satellite imagery and state-of-the-art monitoring equipment, you would render specific advice to the operators on all aspects of weather.

To join as an officer in the Meteorological Branch you need to fulfil the following requirements:
• Age - 20 to 25 years*
• Marital Status - Single
• Nationality - Indian
• Gender - This is applicable to both Men and Women.
• Educational Qualifications -
• Post Graduate Degree with minimum 50 % marks in aggregate in Science / Geography / MCA (having passed Mathematics and Physics at Graduation Level).

Now as we know that what is educational qualification required to join Indian Air force now know the most important 4 steps procedure to join the Indian Air Force .

Know the Indian Air Force Selection Procedure –
There are total 4 steps. You can be a part of Air Force family going through this process and proving your mettle

Step 1 – Scrutiny of Applications
Step 2 – Testing Officer Like Qualities
Step 3 – Conducting of Medical Examinations
Step 4 – Preparing All India Merit List


Now the first question is How to send the application?

The procedure for sending application is fairly simple.
The first stage is to watch out for the advertisement inviting applications in the leading newspapers and the Employment News.
After you spot the relevant ad, you send your application in the format mentioned in the advertisement, before the last date of receiving of application.

Then you will go through the 4 step selection procedure.

Step 1 – Scrutiny of Applications –

The selection procedure begins immediately after you send your application forms
All application forms are first checked for eligibility
After which you will receive a call letter with further instructions.
If seek entry into the Flying Branch through the NDA or CDSE, your applications need to be sent to UPSC, New Delhi.
UPSC conducts a written test twice a year in April & August (NDA)
And April & September (CDSE).
Advertisements for the examinations are released about six months in advance. Qualifying in these exams take you to step two.
If you apply for Short Service Commission Flying (Pilot) or as an NCC Senior Division ‘C’ Certificate holder, your application is processed by Air HQ and call letter issued by AFSBs.

If your have applied to the Technical Branch you will be required to appear the Engineering Knowledge Test (EKT).
Similarly, for non tech ground duty branches, you would require to appear for a Common Entrance Test (CET).
If you pass the EKT/CET, you move to the next step.

Step 2 - Testing Officer Like Qualities –

If you have successfully cleared Step 1,
You will receive a call letter to report to any one of the Air Force Selection Boards located at Dehradun, Varanasi and Mysore.
At the Air Force Selection Boards, you undergo a number of psychological tests, an interview and group activities, which are collectively called the Officer like Qualities (OLQ) Tests.
These tests are designed to gauge your potential and suitability as an officer in the Armed Forces.
The Psychological Tests are written tests that are conducted by a Psychologist.
The Group Tests are interactive indoor and outdoor tests.
They expect active physical participation from the candidates.
The Interview involves a personal conversation with Interviewing Officer.
These tests will be explained to you in detail before they are conducted at the Selection Board.

The following is the schedule for OLQ Tests:
Schedule Flying Branch Technical Branch Ground Duty Branch
Day 1 Pilot Aptitude Battery Test*
(Phase I)- Intelligence Tests/ Psychological Tests
(Phase I)- Intelligence Tests/ Psychological Tests
(Phase I)**
Day 2 Phase I & Psychological Tests Group tests Group tests
Day 3 Group tests Group tests Group tests
Day 4 Group tests Interview Interview
Day 5 Interview Conference Conference
Day 6 Conference

Pilot Aptitude Battery Test (PABT) is a unique test.
It is aimed at assessing a candidate’s aptitude to be trained as a pilot.
PABT is being used as an independent selection device to induct potential officers into Flying Branch of Indian Air Force.
PABT comprises three tests viz
Instrument Battery Test (INSB),
Sensory Motor Apparatus Test (SMA)
And Control Velocity Test (CVT).
Instrument Battery Test (INSB) is a paper pencil test and other two are machine tests.
The Instruments Battery Test (INSB) comprises two parts.
This test assesses assimilation of the briefing and the ability of an individual to read and interpret the dials of an instrument panel of an aircraft.
The candidates who score the minimum laid down criteria are subjected to the machine test.
The machine test includes Sensory Motor Apparatus Test (SMA) and Control Velocity Test (CVT).
These tests measure the psychomotor co-ordination skill of the individual.
These tests are conducted on a single day and administered only once in life time.

Phase I of testing gets over on 1st day for all type of entries except NDA/CDSE/NCC/Direct entry for which it gets over on second day.
Only those candidates who qualify in Phase I shall be retained at AFSB for further testing of Phase II.
NDA/CDSE candidates who do not qualify the PABT will still be tested for their second/third choice.

At the conference held on the last day, all the assessors i.e. the Psychologist, Ground Testing Officer and the Interviewing Officer, discuss your personality and decide on recommending you or not.
Those recommended by the AFSBs will require filling up certain documents at the Boards and subsequently moving to the next step.

Step 3 - Conducting of Medical Examinations
If you have applied for the Flying branch and are found suitable by the Selection Board, you would be sent to the Air Force Central Medical Establishment, New Delhi or the Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Bangalore for a thorough medical examination.

If you have applied for the Technical or Ground Duty Branches and are found suitable, you may be asked to return home and await a call for a medical examination or be sent directly for the medical examination.

Step 4 -Preparing All India Merit List -
An All India Merit List is compiled on the basis of your performance at the AFSB and subject to being medically fit.
Based on the vacancies available, Air HQ would issue joining instructions to join Air Force Academy for the training.

After you have cleared the selection procedure, you are sent to one of the Air Force training establishments. Here you undergo scientifically planned rigorous physical and academic training that is aimed to gear you for the life in Air Force.

All the Air Force training establishments are equipped with the state-of-the-art infrastructure and the best of the facilities including clubs, swimming pools, squash courts etc. Once you join the training establishments, Air Force takes care of all your requirements like food, lodging etc. and also gives you a monthly stipend during the training period.

Names of The Air Force Establishments –

1. National Defence Academy
2. Air Force Academy
3. Air Force Technical College
4. Flying Training Establishments

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